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Factors Affect the Machining Quality of Thin-Walled Parts

Written by Mika Lee

Thin-walled parts usually refer to the wall thickness and axial or radial size ratio greater than 1/10 of parts. For other thin-walled parts belonging to non-standardized parts, in the definition of thin-walled parts, the ratio of its wall thickness and its length. 

The deformation of thin-walled parts during turning machining is influenced by several factors, including the clamping force applied to the workpiece, the cutting force during machining, elastic and plastic deformation as the workpiece resists the tool, and the thermal deformation caused by the rise in temperature in the cutting zone.

Thin-walled parts are widely used in aerospace, national defense science and technology, nuclear power equipment, automobile manufacturing, and other fields because of their lightweight and compact structure. Such as the overall spacer frame, the overall wing ribs, the overall wall plate, and the tribute blades of the aero-engine and other mon- general-purpose thin-walled parts, whose machining is mostly based on the milling process.

The deformation of thin-walled parts in the machining process is an important factor that directly affects the machining accuracy, machining quality, and productivity of the workpiece.

Factors That Influence Machining

Manufacturing error and wear in use are the main causes of tool error. The influence of cutter error on machining accuracy varies with the type and material of the cutter. In the actual CNC turning services machining production process, five main factors affect the CNC machining accuracy.

  1. The machine tool is heated up

In this process,  the CNC machine tool itself will generate a certain amount of heat, which will cause the temperature of the machine tool to continue to rise, resulting in adverse effects on components and structural systems due to thermal effects. This will increase the burden of machine tool operation, reduce accuracy, and in some severe cases mechanical failure, which affects the efficiency and quality of CNC machining.

  1. The error and wear of the tool itself

The tool in the tool machine is also one of the CNC machining parts. In its own production and machining process, there are geometric errors that affect the accuracy due to the limitation of CNC machining conditions. In the process of tool installation human operation also affects the machining accuracy.

  1. CNC machining position error

CNC machining parts all have basic error requirements such as surface, shape, radian, relative relationships, etc. CNC machining must complete the design requirements. In the process of CNC machining, due to the influence of factors such as transmission parts, rotating shafts, and frictional forces of parts.

  1. Error of CNC machining system

The machine tool machining system of CNC machine tools is the part that directly implements parts machining. It is a whole that is composed of multiple subsystems and sub-components in a certain way and operates together.

  1. Deformation error

During the long-term use of CNC machining, tools will be affected by external forces that will cause deformation, loosening elastic deformation, displacement, and other deformation phenomena of the CNC machining system of the machine tool, resulting in machine tool failure.

Classification of Thin-Walled Parts

Thin-walled parts can be divided into shape, material, and structure. The shape can be divided into circular, shell, and flat plate, the material can be divided into an aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, and composite materials, according to the structure can be divided into the frame class, the whole wall plate, beams, and curved surfaces, because of its structure, thin-walled parts have different characteristics.

The accuracy with which thin-walled parts are manufactured can have a significant impact on the use and quality of the parts. It can reduce errors in the manufacturing process, and improve the reliability, stability, and quality of thin-walled parts 

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Mika Lee

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